Timoleague Friary, located in County Cork, Ireland, is a ruined Franciscan monastery with deep historical roots. The site was originally home to an early Christian monastery founded by Saint Molaga in the 6th or 7th century. The Franciscan friary was established around 1307–1316, likely with the support of the MacCarthy Reagh family. It became an important religious and cultural center in medieval Munster, known for its Gothic architecture, educational activity, and as a burial place for local nobility.

The friary expanded significantly in the early 16th century under Bishop Edmund de Courcy, who added a bell tower, infirmary, and other features. Despite the Dissolution of the Monasteries under Henry VIII, the friars continued to operate for some time. However, in 1642, during the Irish Confederate Wars, English forces burned the friary and much of Timoleague town.

The Franciscans never fully returned, and the friary fell into ruin. In the 19th and 20th centuries, it became a site of heritage interest, though it suffered further desecration during the War of Independence. Today, the ruins are preserved as a National Monument, attracting visitors for their historical significance and striking medieval architecture.