The Royal Docks in East London—comprising the Royal Albert, Royal Victoria, and King George V docks—were once among the world’s largest enclosed docks. The three docks were opened between 1855 and 1921. They played a vital role in British maritime trade, serving as key entry points for goods from across the globe. The Royal Docks suffered severe damage from German bombing in World War II, but the docks recovered after the war. However, advances in container shipping and the shift of trade to deeper ports led to their decline, and by 1981, the docks closed.

Redevelopment began in the late 20th century, led by the London Docklands Development Corporation. The area was transformed with new housing, transport links like the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) and business zones including the ExCeL London exhibition centre. London City Airport, opened in 1987, occupies part of the former docks.

Today, the Royal Docks continue to evolve. The area retains remnants of its maritime heritage, such as dockside cranes and original warehouses, alongside modern architecture.